REPORT OF THE COORDINATOR

1. ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL MATTERS

1.1. Personnel

There have been a few changes in the composition of ANSTI Staff since the last Governing Council meeting in 1999. Ms. Kaori Ishino, the UNV Officer in the Secretariat, left the organization in March 2000. The Japanese Government, through UNDP/UNV Programme had supported the position of Ms Ishino. However, the funding was terminated at the end of the contract of Ms Ishino and she was recalled. We were however fortunate to secure the support of the Finish Government for a UNV position. In March 2001, Mr. Sakari Koivula was appointed to the position of Assistant Project Coordinator. The Secretariat has also benefited from the support of regular UNESCO staff both in administrative and programme matters. In particular Ms D. Dahl-Lisbjerg, Associate Expert in Basic Sciences has assisted with ANSTI programmes relating to Biological Sciences and also provided advice on the establishment of the ANSTI website.

The regular staff strength has however remained unchanged. The following is the staff at post in the Secretariat:

Coordinator (Part-time) Prof. J.G.M. Massaquoi

(UNV) Assistant Coordinator (full time) Mr. Sakari Koivula

Secretary (full time) Mrs. Mary Matemu

Clerk (full time) Mr. Joseph Njoroge

During the period under review, the Secretariat also benefited from the services of two internees from the local universities. They assisted in the development of databases and in other programme activities.

1.2 Management of ANSTI

In order to effectively manage and coordinate the scientific programmes in key disciplines, three disciplinary sub-networks were established. These were in Biotechnology, Water Resources Engineering and Renewable Energy Resources for Rural Development. The three sub-networks Coordinators assist the Regional Coordinator in the compilation and dissemination of information among scientists and member institutions. The sub-networks have compiled a list of researchers and institutions engaged in research in the respective disciplines. In future they will consult among themselves and prepare project documents for ANSTI to pursue.

1.3 ANSTI web-site

In order to facilitate communication among staff of member institutions and at the same time minimize the cost of information dissemination, an ansti website has been established. The web-site does not just simply put out information about ANSTI. Rather it serves as a medium for information exchange among ANSTI members. The main features of the site include mailing lists, message boards and a searchable database of African scientists. Through these facilities members can identify potential research partners, communicate with each other and broadcast information on scientific meetings and other activities. The web address is www.ansti.org.

1.4 State of Membership

In February 1999 ANSTI held a workshop and an exhibition in Arusha, Tanzania, in conjunction with the biennium conference of the Association of African Universities. The workshop was attended by over 50 College Presidents and Vice-Chancellors. Both the workshop and exhibition were means not only to increase membership but also to encourage regular payment of membership fees.

After those events, several universities showed interest in the membership of the Network. We sent out membership application materials and at the end of the exercise the following ten (10) new universities submitted the completed forms and paid their enrolment fees.

1	University of Juba Faculty of Science P.O. Box 3211 Khartoum, Sudan	6	University of Agriculture College of Food and Technology Private Mail Bag 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria
2.	University of Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering P.O. Box 407 Khartoum, Sudan	7	Technikon SA Faculty of Engineering Christiaan de Wet Road Pioneer Avenue, Florida 1709 Private Bag 6, Florida 1710 South Africa
3.	Edo State University Faculty of Engineering P.M.B 14 Ekpoma, Nigeria	8	University of Buea Faculty of Science P.O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroun
4.	Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Faculty of Engineering Umudike, P.M.B. 7267 Umuahia - Abia State Nigeria	9.	University of Cape Coast Faculty of Science Cape Coast Ghana
5	Energy Development and research Centre University of Cape Town Cape town South Africa	10.	Université Nationale du Rwanda Faculté de Sciences B.P. 117 Butare, Rwanda

We have also recently received requests for ANSTI membership from several South African universities. We strongly hope that some of them will join in the coming year. There are at present 98 members in 33 countries.

2. REPORT ON PROJECT ACITIVITIES

The activities carried out in the last biennium addressed three (3) major themes of the ANSTI project. These are: (i) Training of high-level manpower in science and technology; exchange (ii) sharing of staff, professional expertise, laboratory facilities and scientific information among ANSTI members, and (iii) relevance, quality assurance and effectiveness of science and technology training and research activities. Project documents have also been recently submitted for activities under the theme Promotion of science culture - Popularization of Science and Technology Education at National levels.

In pursuance of the objectives under the above-mentioned themes, the following activities were carried out: Award of post-graduate training fellowships; Award of Staff Exchange (Visiting Staff) fellowships; Conference grants; publications and organization of conferences/meetings.

2.1 Postgraduate Training Fellowships

In 1999/2000 eleven postgraduate fellowships were awarded to highly qualified graduates for training in various African universities. In the 2000/01 academic year only five (5) fellowships were awarded. Each year we are faced with the prospect of rejecting several qualified candidates and now one of the criteria for selection is that candidates should be members of staff of a fee-paying ANSTI member institution. Last year, we received over one hundred inquiries and sent out sixty forms of which fifty were completed and returned to us. Table 1 shows the origin of the selected candidates for the period under review.

Financial support for the fellowships average at an annual rate of $15,000 each.

Table 1(a)

List of Post Graduate Fellows - 1999-2000

No.	Name of Applicant	Nationality	Degree Sought	Host Institution	Home Institution
1.	OBAGWU Jospeh	Nigeria	Ph.D. in Plant Pathology	University of Pretoria, South Africa	Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria
2.	OLAYEMI Muyiwa Emmanuel	Nigeria	Ph.D. in Animal Breeding	Sokoine University of Agriculture	Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria
3.	OGOMBE Hesborne Simon	Kenya	M.Sc. in Water Resources Eng	University of Dar es salaam, Tanzania	Egerton University, Kenya
4.	WATTANGA Irene Sitawa	Kenya	Ph.D. in Applied Mathematics	University of Botswana	Jomo Kenya Univ. of A & T, Kenya
5.	HABTAMU MIHRETE Tsegaw	Ethiopia	M.Sc. in Water Resources Eng	University of Dar es salaam, Tanzania	Arbaminch Water Technology Institute, Ethiopia
6.	GYAMFI Joseph	Ghana	M.Sc. in Water Resources Eng	University of Dar es salaam, Tanzania	University of Science & Technology, Ghana
7.	KASHINA Boniface David	Nigeria	Ph.D. in Plant Virology	Sokoine Univ. of Agriculture, Tanzania	Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria
8.	DJOMOAH Samuel Essah	Ghana	M.Sc. in Water Resources Eng	University of Dar es salaam, Tanzania	University of Science & Technology, Ghana
9.	DIARRA Dakoua Charles	Mali	Ph.D. in Renewable Energy	University of Science & Technology, Ghana	Ecole Nationale d’Ingenieurs, Mali
10.	SINKALA Winter	Zambia	Ph.D. in Mathematics	University of Natal, South Africa	University of Zambia
11.	MAKAU Nicholas Wambua	Kenya	Ph.D. in Physics	University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa	Moi University, Kenya

Table 3(b)

List of New Post Graduate Fellows - 2000/2001

No.	Name of Applicant	Nationality	Degree Sought	Host Institution	Home Institution
1.	KUMAMBALA Patsani Gregory	Malawi	M.Sc. in Water Resources Eng.	University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	University of Malawi
2.	ABU Joseph Oneh	Nigeria	Ph.D. in Food Science	University of Pretoria, South Africa	University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
3.	RAJI Aniola Mashood	Nigeria	Ph.D. in Veterinary Microbiology	Sokoine Univ. of Agriculture, Tanzania	Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria
4.	CONTEH Micheal Abu	Sierra Leone	M.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering	University of Cape Town, South Africa	University of Sierra Leone
5.	CHIDZONGA Richard Foya	Zimbabwe	Ph.D. in Control Systems Engineering	University of Durban-Westville, South Africa	University of Zimbabwe

2.2 Staff Exchange (Visiting Staff) Fellowship

This award enables senior academic staff in ANSTI member institutions to visit other institutions in the region for a short period to undertake research and/or teaching. Support for the award of this fellowship comes mainly from UNESCO. In the period February 1999 to August 2001 a total of sixteen (16) Visiting staff fellowship awards were made. A list of the beneficiaries of the award is given in Table 2.

In accordance with the suggestion from the last Governing Council, efforts are made to ensure that the exchange of staff benefits all the departments involved. In this respect the secretariat insists on invitation form the Head of Department of host institutions and a release by the Head of the home institution.

Table 2

Staff Exchange Fellows 1999 - 2001

No.	Name	Home Institution	Host Institution	Period
1.	Prof. S.O. Ogunade	Dept. of Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria	Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Ghana	01/09/99 to 20/01/00
2.	Prof. A.V. Popoola	Dept. of Ind. Chemistry, Fed. Univ. of Technology, Nigeria	Dept. of Chemistry, Univ. of Zambia	3 months starting Nov.1999
3.	Dr. Esther Ugoji	Dept. of Botany and Microbiology, University of Lagos	Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Natal, South Africa	01/08/99 to 31/03/00
4.	Prof. Ibidapo-Obe	Dept. of Physics, University of Lagos, Nigeria	Dept. of Computer Science, Univ. of Yaounde I, Cameroon	01/09/99 to 31/12/99
5.	Dr. J.T. Mailutha	Dept. of Agricultural Engineering, JKUAT, Kenya	Dept. of Agric. Eng., University of Malawi	01/06/00 to 31/12/00
6.	Prof. C.U Ezeigbo	Dept. of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Univ. of Lagos, Nigeria	School of Civil Eng. Surveying & Construction, University of Natal, South Africa	01/06/00 to 31/12/00
7.	Rev. Dr. T.C. Madueme	Faculty of Engineering, Univ. of Nigeria	Kwame Nkrumah Univ. of S & T, Ghana	01/09/00 to 31/03/01
8.	Prof. C.U Ezeigbo	Dept. of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Univ. of Lagos, Nigeria	Dept. of Survey, University of Nairobi	06/01/01 to 31/07/01
9.	Prof. Gamal Abdo	Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Khartoum, Sudan	Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	01/02/01 to 30/06/01
10.	Dr. Olorunsola E. Olowofeso	Dept. of Industrial Maths & Computer Sc., Fed. Univ. of Technology, Nigeria	Dept. of Maths, University of Nairobi, Kenya	15/02/01 to 31/08/01
11.	Dr. S.M. Kambani	School of Mines, Univ. of Zambia	Dept. of Mining Engineering, Univ. of Zimbabwe	15/02/01 to 30/06/01
12.	Dr. E. Mwenje	Dept. of Applied Biology and Biochemistry, National Univ. of S & T, Zimbabwe	Institute of Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology, Univ. of Pretoria, South Africa	15/02/01 to 30/08/01
13.	Mr. Claude Sabeta	Biological Sciences Dept. Univ. of Zimbabwe	Dept. of Biochemistry, Univ. of Yaounde I, Cameroon	01/05/01 to 30/09/01
14.	Dr. Emile Kasende Okuma	Faculté de Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, Congo	Dept. of Chemistry, Univ. of Pretoria, South Africa	01/08/01 to 31/12/01
15.	Prof. I.B. Mshoro	Dept. of Mech. Eng., Univ. of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Dept. of Mech. Eng., Kigali Institute of Technology, Rwanda	01/01/01 to 31/12/01
16.	Dr. Igho B. Igbinosa	Dept. of Zoology Edo State Univ., Nigeria	Dept. of Zoology, Univ. of Ghana	01/08/01 to 31/12/01

2.3 Conference Grants

In the period 1999-2001 twelve (12) conference grants (and other travel grants) ranging in value from $500 to $2000 were awarded to deserving candidates. The criteria for qualification for the award of the grant is presentation of a paper at the meeting or the execution of an important role (such as session Chairman) at the said meeting. In the case of application for participation in conferences outside the region, candidates are usually requested to seek partial support from other sources.

2.4 Publications and Dissemination of Science and Technology information

The network continues to publish several different types of documents with the aim of disseminating S&T information as well as publicizing its activities. Throughout the last biennium the Network published, without lapse and on schedule, the African Journal of Science and Technology (AJST). Although we reported at the last Governing Council that the Journal would be published from the Addis Ababa University, this was later changed to the University of Nairobi. The journal is in great demand not only within the region but also from libraries in Europe and United States of America. Furthermore, the desire of African scientists to publish in the journal as manifested by the number of articles received, is very high. At the moment the acceptance rate of articles for publication is about 30%. The next issue of the journal will be available at the ANSTI website.

As promised in the last report, the secretariat revised, enlarged and published the Directory of Women Engineers. There are now 25 countries and 497 entries in the new volume. The purpose of this publication and the accompanying database is to facilitate communication among women engineers in the region and thereby minimize the problem of professional isolation.

We are also pleased to report that the database for the Science and Technology institutions and postgraduate training institutions is now available. Unfortunately, because of lack of funds we did not publish them. However we are now planning to post the information a the ANSTI website where members can search for what they want.

The workshop on Financing and management of engineering education was held in Botswana in August 2000 and the report of the workshop with the title "Innovative Strategies for Financing and Management of Engineering Education in Africa" has been published.

The Secretariat has also prepared and produced publication materials such as brochures, Directory of ANSTI grantees and posters on ANSTI activities. Copies of the documents have been circulated to member institutions, several donor agencies and others involved with S&T capacity building in Africa.

2.5 Production of Learning Materials

As previously reported this activity has now ended because the financial support from UNESCO is no longer forthcoming due to changes in the latter's regular programme objectives. Accordingly, during the last biennium, the network did not initiate any new textbook preparation activity. Instead, we concentrated on completing those in the pipeline. The textbook on Theory of Structures was published and distributed to member institutions and the camera-ready copy of the textbook on Separation Process for mining and Chemical Engineering, is with the printers.

2.6 Workshops and Meetings

Since the last Governing Council meeting, the following workshops have been held:

Ø Workshop on human resource capacity building in science and technology, Arusha, Tanzania, 4 February 1999.

This workshop was held in parallel with the Conference of Rectors, Vice-Chancellors and Presidents of African Universities (COREVIP 99). The ANSTI workshop attracted fifty-two (52) participants among them Vice-Chancellors, College presidents and representatives of international agencies.

Ø Consultative Meeting of Women Engineers in East and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania, 10-12 May 1999

The meeting brought together female engineers and representatives of agencies involved in the promotion of women in science and technology. There were forty five participants from six (6) countries.

Ø ANSTI Workshop held in conjunction with the UNESCO workshop to contextualise the Declaration of the World Conference on Science held in Pretoria, South Africa from 12-14 September 2001.

This workshop which attracted participants from South Africa and eight other African countries was an opportunity to discuss various instruments and modes of collaboration including use of information technology, collaborative research and post-graduate training.

Ø Expert Group meeting on revitalization of Continuing Engineering Education in Africa, Nairobi, Kenya, 27-28 November 2001.

This meeting brought together experts from within and outside Africa to deliberate on the way forward for continuing engineering education in Africa.

Funds for all the above-mentioned activities came from UNESCO.

2.7 Cooperation with other Agencies

ANSTI actively seeks collaboration with other organizations, which have similar programme activities. The network is closely associated with the International Association of Continuing Engineering Education (IACEE). In May 2001 the Coordinator participated in the IACEE Council meeting in Toronto Canada. In return IACEE sent a representative to give a keynote address at the ANSTI Expert Group Meeting on Continuing Engineering Education which was be held in Nairobi from 27-28 November 2001.

ANSTI's relationship with the Association of African Universities (AAU) continues to be good. In 2001 AAU invited ANSTI to organize a workshop on Science and Technology parallel to the biennium meeting of College of vice-chancellors. Unfortunately because of lack of funds the invitation was not accepted. However, ANSTI hosted an exhibition at the venue of the meeting.

ANSTI is also engaged in discussion for collaborative activities with the International Foundation for Science (IFS) and the African Forum for Children's literacy on Science and Technology (AFCLIST). The coordinator of ANSTI contributed a chapter on ANSTI activities in a forth-coming book on S&T popularization which is compiled by AFCLIST and published by Commonwealth Science Council. Both IFS and AFCLIST have requested ANSTI to submit proposals for joint project activities. This has been done.

2.8 Sub-Network Activities

Further to our report at the last Governing Council meeting, we are pleased to report that three sub-networks have been established in order to coordinate scientific activities in three (3) important areas of Science and Technology. The sub-networks are in Food and Agricultural Biotechnology [coordinated by the Institute of Biotechnology Research, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT)], Water Resources Engineering, [coordinated by the Department of Civil Engineering, University of Dar es Salaam] and Renewable Energy for rural development [coordinated by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology]. These sub-networks have already developed databases of scientists and institutions active in the respective disciplines and would use the same to facilitate communication and exchange of information.

2.9 Other Activities

Other non-programme activities carried out during the period include the hosting of two exhibitions in 1999 in Arusha and 2001 in Nairobi. Both exhibitions were held alongside the biennial conference of Association of African Universities.

Networking through dissemination of information is also a major activity of the Secretariat. Each year, for instance, we receive over 200 requests for fellowships and send out at least 60 application materials for fellowships. We also send out announcement for various ANSTI and non-ANSTI activities. The establishment of the website is expected to reduce the cost of this excercise.

The coordinator also engages in a lot of public relations activities on behalf of ANSTI. Each time he is on a regular UNESCO mission, he uses the opportunity to meet Deans, Vice-Chancellors of universities to discuss ANSTI matters. Presentation on ANSTI has been made in front of several university audiences.

In addition, articles on ANSTI were published in the UNESCO Nairobi Office Bulletin which are circulated throughout the region.

3. Overall Assessment of Execution of 2000/2001 Workplan

In the last two years, the Network has managed to implement almost all the activities, which were proposed in the 2000/01 workplan and approved at the last Governing Council meeting. A copy of the workplan is attached to this report. It can be observed that the implementation rate is almost 70%. If more funds were available then we would have implemented other activities especially those under the theme "Cooperation and linkage among training institutions, research institutions and the productive sectors of the economy".

It is difficult to make substantive statements with regard to the impact of the network's activities because no impact assessment was done during this period. However, we can make qualitative assessment of the impact of the Network from the responses and requests we receive from member institutions. We can use parameters such as contribution to AJST, application for membership, application for fellowships and payment of membership fees as indirect indicators of the impact the Network is making in human resource capacity building in S&T in the region. For, obviously no interest, either by way of payment of fees or application for membership, will manifest itself in a sustained manner if the network were not ma